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Money is necessary, not only in time of war, but also in time of peace. For in the former case, revenue is expended on the fortification of towns, the payment of wages to the soldiers, and in many other ways, according to the status of the persons concerned, for the maintenance of the realm; in the latter case, although weapons of war are laid aside, churches are built by devout princes, Christ is fed and clothed in the persons of the poor, and the Mammon of this world is distributed in other acts of charity.
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- The Dialogue of the Exchequer, 1179
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The sheriff of each county was responsible for the collection of taxes and, with the development of the exchequer in the twelfth century records of the accounts they and other officials rendered were keptas the pipe rolls.
The 'Magna Carta' or 'Great Charter'
forced from King John by the barons in 1215 is often quoted as being the first 'contract' between and English monarch and his
people. It was primarily a contract between the monarch and the barons providing that no man should be imprisoned save by legal process, justice should not be sold or delayed and that
no aid (tax), excepting for the three feudal aids, should be imposed other than with the consent of the council of the realm (parliament), establishing the priciple that
parliament should cotrol the purse-strings of governemnt (and thus the government of the realm itself).
King Charles I attempted to reinforce the neglected Navy by raising ship money. Ironically, when the raising of this tax for the improvement of the Navy percipitated Egland into civil war between king and parliament, the Navy sided with parliament.
| 1008 | | The navy raised by a ship tax failed | | BAAAGBFI BAAAGCPQ | | 1377 | | Poll Tax records for Bristol indicate a population of between 9,500 to 12,000 | | BAAAGEDZ | | 1496 | | Devon rebels against taxation | | BAAAGBAV | | 1522 | | Wolsey raises money by benevolences | | BAAAGEKW BAAAGBXA | | 1523 | | Parliament refuses Wolsey\'s demand of a property tax of 20% for the French Campaign
Wolsey came to the house personally, disrupting the debate. Parliament granted 10% | | BAAAGBXA BAAAGEKW | | by 1547 | | City of London levies taxes for poor relief
Such tax levied nationally in 1572 with compulsion imposed on local authorities by 1576 | | BAAAGBWS BAAAGDKN BAAAGBXA BAAAGDGR | | 1660.May | | Abolition of the Feudal Incidents on the restoration of Charles II | | BAAAGBTJ BAAAGCLL | | 1689 | | Abolition of the Hearth Tax by William III | | BAAAGBUD | | 1695 | | Introduction of the window tax | | BAAAGCBD | | 1733 | | Passage of the Excise and Customs Bill by Walpole\\\'s government imposing levies on luxury goods such as brandy, lace, silk and wine leading to an abundance of smugglers or Free Traders | | BAAAGBKE | | 1746 | | Heavy duty imposed on glass
Increased over the years, the tax was abolished in 1861 | | BAAAGCBD | | 1842 | | Income Tax set
for the following three years at 7d. in the pound | | | | 1861 | | Abolition of the duty on glass introduced in 1746 | | BAAAGCBD | | 1862.Aug.05 | | The
federal government levied an income tax in the USA for the first time | | | | 1931.Oct.17 | | US gangster Al Capone convicted of tax evasion and sentenced to 11 years in prison
| | | | 2000.Nov.14 | | Hundreds of trucks and tractors converge on London and Edinburgh in fuel tax protest | | BAAAGDKN | | 2003.Oct.28 | | Andrew James Stevens, of Underlane, Launceston, jailed by Bodmin Magistrates for 30 days for non-payment of �1,217.36 in council tax
He had been given a suspended sentence in August on the understanding that he would pay off the council tax debt and cost in instalments | | BAAAGEAF | | 2003.Nov.06 | | South Hams District Council in Devon decidesto reduce the second home owners discount on council tax from 50% to 10% raising approx. �2-million from the 11.5% of its houses used as second homes
The first council to do so since the powers introduced in the Local Government Act 2003 | | BAAAGCEI BAAAGBKB |
Lay Taxes in England and Wales, 1188-1688
by M Jurkowski, C Smith and D Crook, publisher PRO, 1998
Recommend a Book for this Page
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