| 1469 | | Marriage of Isabella, infanta of Castile and heir to the throne, and Ferdinand of Aragon at Valladolid, seat of Castilian royalty |
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| 1470 | | Enrique IV of Castile names Juana la Beltraneja as his heir
(supposedly his daughter, but of dubious paternity) |
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| 1474 | | Death of Enrique IV of castile (1454-) |
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| 1474 | | Isabella takes the throne of castile on the death of her brother Enrique throwing the country into civil war between her supporters and those of Juana la Beltraneja, including Afonso V of Portugal |
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| 1475 | | Marriage of King Afonso V of Portugal to Juana la Beltraneja
Furthering Afonso\'s designs on the throne of Castile |
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| 1476 | | King Afonso V of Portuagl is defeated at Toro in his designs on the throne of Castile |
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| 1478 | | Ferdinand and Isabella establish the Inquisition (Spanish Inquisition in Spain for the trial and punishment of converted Jews (conversos) accused of heresy
Muslims (moriscos) and, eventually, all citizens become subject to the Inquisition\'s scrutiny |
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| 1479 | | Isabella acknowledged as queen of Castile
In the same year her husband acceeds to the throne of Aragon as Ferdinand II |
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| 1479 | | Ferdinand II acceeds to the throne of Aragon
In the same year, his wife Isabella is acknowledged as queen of Castile |
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| 1483 | | Tom�s de Torquemada, notorious for his rigor in censorship, enforcement and punishment, is appointed inquisitor-general for Castile and Aragon |
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| 1485.Dec.16 | | Birth of Katherine of Aragon, youngest daughter of King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella of Castile (Spain), the wife of King Henry VIII |
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| 1489 | | Treaty of Medina del Campo;
Katherine of Aragon betrothed
to Prince Arthur of England |
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| 1489.Dec.04 | | Battle of Baza: The Spanish captures Baza from the Moors |
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| 1492 | | Islamic Granada falls to Ferdinand and Isabella
Following a ten-year struggle, the Islamic presence on the Iberian Peninsula is extinguished after almost eight centuries |
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| 1492 | | Forcible mass conversion of Jews to Christianity ordered by Ferdinand and Isabella
Those who refuse to renounce Judaism are expelled from Spain |
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| 1492.Aug.03 | | Christopher Columbus set sail from Palos, Spain, under the patronage of Ferdinand and Isabella
In an attempt to discover a westward route to India, Columbus discovers the New
World, landing in the Bahamas |
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| 1492.Oct.17 | | Columbus sights the island of San Salvador |
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| 1492.Dec.06 | | Christopher Columbus lands on the island of Santo Domingo in search of gold
He lands on a Sunday and names the island Dominica |
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| 1494 | | Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal; arranged at the urging of Ferdinand and Isabella by Pope Alexander VI
Places an imaginary dividing line through the Atlantic Ocean, intersecting South America slightly west of the Cape Verde Islands; Spain is given rights of commerce and colonization to lands west of this line, while Portugal is granted the territories to the east
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| 1494 | | Start of the Habsburg-Valois or Italian Wars between various European powers; chiefly France and Spain, for control of several Italian city-states |
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| 1496 | | Death of Juan Guas (1430�), court architect to Isabella of Castile |
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| 1498 | | John Cabot is thought to have died on an
expedition to Greenland |
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| 1498 | | Death of Tom�s de Torquemada (1420�), inquisitor-general of Aragon and Castile |
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| 1501.Nov.14 | | Arthur, Prince of Wales married to Catherine of Aragon |
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| 1502.Apr.02 | | Death of Arthur, Prince of Wales, at Ludlow Castle. His brother Henry becomes heir to the throne
Reluctant to return the widowed Katherine of Aragon\'s dowery, Henry VII started negotiations with Aragon and Castile for her marriage to Henry |
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| 1503.Jun | | Betrothal of Katherine of Aragon to Prince Henry (VIII) |
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| 1504 | | Death of Isabella I of Castile.
The crown passes to her daughter, Juana the Mad, her father Ferdinand II of Aragon ruling as regent |
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| 1504 | | Death of Christopher Columbus |
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| 1506 | | Death of the Genoese explorer and discoverer of the New World, Christopher Columbus |
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| 1506 | | Philip, son of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I claims the regency of Castile (of which his wife, Juana the Mad is queen) from Ferdinand II of Aragon
Philip only holds the regency for a year, dying before his ambitions on the crown are realized |
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| 1506.Nov.26 | | Death of Queen Isabella of Spain |
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| 1509.Apr.22 | | Death of Henry
VII, his son succeeds to the Crown as Henry VIII, aged 17 |
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| 1509.Jun.11 | | Marriage of King Henry VIII to Katherine of Aragon |
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| 1512 | | Navarre south of the Pyranees is annexed to Castile by Ferdinand
The remainder (Lower Navarre) remains independent until its ruler Henry III became Henry IV of France and it is absorbed into France |
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| 1515 | | Death of Louis XII; succeeded by Francis I as king of France |
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| 1516.Feb.18 | | Birth of the future Mary I to Henry VIII by Catherine of Aragon at Greenwich Palace |
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| 1517 | | Death of Cardinal Francisco Jim�nez de Cisneros (1436�), Isabella\'s confessor and archbishop of Toledo
Best-known for his use of the Inquisition as a means for reforming the clergy, from 1495 he pursued the forced conversion and eventual expulsion of Muslims in Granada |
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| 1519 | | Death of the painter from the S Netherlands, Juan de Flandes (c1465�)
He was in the service of Isabella of Castile |
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| 1533 | | Marriage of Henry
VIII to Katherine of Aragon declared null |
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| 1534.Mar.30 | | King Henry VIII divorces his first wife, Katherine of Aragon |
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| 1553.Jul.19 | | Mary I, the ardent Catholic daughter of Henry VIII by Katherine of Aragon proclaimed Queen of England in London, she undisputedly succeeds to the throne of England - Lady Jane Grey is deposed and imprisoned
The proclamation made at Cheapside Cross and other accustomed places |
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