| 208 | | Septimius Severinus came to Britain to punish the
Caledonians (Scots) |
| |
| 367 | | Picts, Scots and Saxons simultaneously invade the British Isles |
| BAAAGBRO BAAAGBRE BAAAGEHV |
| 381 | | Magnus Maximus defeats an incursion of the Picts
and Scots |
| BAAAGBRE BAAAGEHW |
| 843 | | Kenneth MacAlpin, King of
the Scots became King of the Picts and thus united Scotland for the first time |
| |
| 1057.Aug.15 | | Macbeth, King of Scotland,
killed by the son of King Duncan |
| |
| 1069 | | Rising in the north against William I by the Welsh, Scots, Danes and
the north of England |
| BAAAGBKA BAAAGDDL BAAAGDDN |
| 1070 | | Malcolm III of Scotland invaded
the north of England on behalf of Edgar Atheling. |
| |
| 1079 | | Malcolm III of Scotland attacked the north of England while William I was in Normandy |
| BAAAGBKX |
| 1091 | | Malcolm III of Scotland attacked
the north of England while William II was in Normandy |
| BAAAGBZD BAAAGBKX |
| 1092 | | William II
recaptured Cumberland from the Scots and built Carlisle Castle |
| BAAAGBZD |
| 1093 | | Malcolm
III of Scotland attacked the north of England but was slain at the Battle of
Alnwick. |
| BAAAGEFP BAAAGEFQ |
| 1100.Nov.11 | | Henry I married Edith, daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and niece of Edgar the Atheling uniting the lines of the Saxon and Norman kings |
| BAAAGCBL BAAAGBWT BAAAGBRO BAAAGBWL |
| 1124 | | David I (the Saint) becomes king of the Scots, unifying Scotland |
| |
| 1125 | | Stephen of Blois marries Matilda de Boulogne (c.1095-1151), daughter of Comte Eustace III de Boulogne and Mary of Scotland |
| BAAAGCBO |
| 1136 | | Stephen ceded Cumberland to King
David of Scotland |
| BAAAGCBO |
| 1136 | | King David of Scotland invades the North of England |
| BAAAGCBO |
| 1136 | | Stephen grants Carlisle to David of Scotland |
| BAAAGCBO |
| 1136.Feb.05 | | David of Scotland forced to submit by Stephen |
| BAAAGCBO |
| 1137 | | David of Scotland threatens to invade Northumberland |
| BAAAGCBO |
| 1138.Jan.10 | | David of Scotland invades Northumberland, under the pretext of supporting Matilda in her claim to the throne against King Stephen |
| BAAAGCBO |
| 1138.Apr.08 | | David of Scotland invades Northumberland and ravages the East Coast |
| BAAAGCBO |
| 1138.Aug.22 | | Battle of the Standard: David of Scotland defeated by King Stephen
The Scots defeated by a force raised by Thurstan, Archbishop of York |
| BAAAGCBO BAAAGEFP BAAAGEFQ |
| 1139.Apr.09 | | Peace made between David of Scotland and Stephen by a treaty signed at Durtham |
| BAAAGCBO |
| 1200 | | The 13th century was the
culmination of the Middle Ages which would decline until the birth of the
Renaissance in the 15th century.
The kings of England had lost much of the
French possessions brought by the first Plantagenet king and Normandy was lost
during this century. Edward I (Longshanks ) conquered the Welsh princes and
attempted to rule Scotland.
Abroad, the succession of crusades to wrest the
Holy Land from the hands of the Muslims continued but would end with the fall of
Acre at the end of the century.
Asia was dominated by the Mongols, the
Mongol Dynasty in China at its zenith during the reign of Kublai Khan - during
the century they advanced through Russia and even attacked Central Europe. |
| BAAABGXR BAAAGBXR BAAAGBKA BAAAGBKX BAAAGBKY |
| 1249 | | Alexander III becomes King of Scotland
Alexander unified mainland Scotland and the Hebrides |
| |
| 1286 | | Death of Alexander III of Scotland. Succeeded by his young daughter and only descendant, Margaret |
| |
| 1290 | | Edward I attempted to rule Scotland following the
death of the Maid of Norway |
| |
| 1290 | | Death of Margaret of Scotland
Edward I of England used the opportunity to install John Balliol as king |
| |
| 1310.Sep | | Edawrd II campaigns in Scotland |
| BAAAGBWU |
| 1311 | | Lancaster does homage to the King for his new holdings at Haggerston Castle on the border, refusing to meet Edward II in Scotland |
| |
| 1312 | | Edward II looks to Scotland for help
1st quarter |
| BAAAGBWU |
| 1314 | | The
English deafeated by the Scots at the Battle of Bannockburn thus ensuring
Scotlands freedom (England did not concede the defeat until the Treaty of
Northampton in 1329) |
| BAAAGBWU BAAAGEFP BAAAGEFQ |
| 1319 | | Edward\'s army defeated by Robert the Bruce of Scotland |
| BAAAGBWU |
| 1328 | | Robert I (the Bruce) forces Edward II to recognize Scotland\'s independence |
| BAAAGBXC |
| 1329 | | The Treaty of Northampton conceded Scotlands
independace won by the Scottish victory at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. |
| BAAAGBXC BAAAGEFP BAAAGEFQ |
| 1333 | | Edward III defeats David II of Scotland at the Battle of Halidon Hill |
| BAAAGBXC BAAAGEFP BAAAGEFQ |
| 1349 | | Scots take advantage of the Black Death raging in England to raid Durham |
| BAAAGDFZ |
| 1350 | | Black Death reaches Scotland |
| BAAAGDFZ |
| 1356.Jan.20 | | Edward Balliol surrenders title as King of Scotland to Edward III of England |
| BAAAGBXC |
| 1388 | | English fight the Scots at the Battle of Otterburn |
| BAAAGEEX BAAAGBXD BAAAGEFP BAAAGEFQ |
| 1399.Aug.20 | | Richard II captured on his retunr from Ireland and imprisoned at Flint
Richard was sent to the Tower of London, then Pomfret (Pontefract) Castle, where he is said to have been murdered but nothing is certainly known of his end, and there are strong grounds for believing that he escaped to Scotland where he lived until 1417 or 1419.
|
| BAAAGBXD BAAAGEEV BAAAGDKN BAAAGEGA |
| 1405 | | Northumberland involved in the rebellion of Richard le Scrope, archbishop of York, flees to Scotland and his estates are confiscated by Henry IV |
| BAAAGEEW BAAAGEEV |
| 1406 | | The future James I of Scotland captured by English soldiers while en-route to France
He remained an English prisoner until Henry IV\'s death in
1413 |
| BAAAGEEV |
| 1461 | | Queen Margaret
travels from Wales to Scotland with her husband, Henry VI, and her son surrendering Berwick to the Scots for their help |
| BAAAGCRG BAAAGCRH |
| 1462 | | Queen Margaret leaves Scotland for France to enlist foreign aid |
| BAAAGCRG BAAAGCRH |
| 1490 | | Pretender to the English throne Perkin Warbeck is at the court of Burgundy, recieving aid from Henry VII\'s enemies, including James IV of Scotland |
| BAAAGBRG |
| 1495.Nov.27 | | Perkin Warbeck, pretender to the English throne, is entertained by King James IV of Scotland |
| BAAAGBBM |
| 1496.Sep | | Abortive attempt by the Scots to invade England in support of Perkin Warbeck with only 1,400 men
Warbeck had promised James IV 50,000 marks and the stronghold of Berwick-on-tweed once Warbeck becomes King of England |
| BAAAGBBM BAAAGBRG BAAAGCEK |
| 1497.Jan | | Pariament grants Henry VII new taxes to support a war against Scotland for Scots support of Warbeck
|
| BAAAGBRG |
| 1497.May | | Cornish Rebellion against the taxes of Henry VII for war against Scotland
The rebels were led by Thomas Flamanck and Michael an Gof - both executed |
| BAAAGCEK BAAAGBRG BAAAGBBL BAAAGBAD |
| 1497.Aug | | Failed failed invasion by the Scots; Henry VII signs a seven year truce with James IV
|
| BAAAGBRG |
| 1513.Aug.22 | | The Scots invade England
They are defeated and their monarch, James IV, killed at the Battle of Flodden |
| BAAAGEFP BAAAGEFQ BAAGEKC BAAAGEKW BAAAGEIB |
| 1513.Sep.09 | | English forces under the Earl of Surrey defeat James IV of Scotland at the Battle of Flodden Fields
The battle results in over ten thousand dead, James IV of Scotland among them |
| BAAAGEFP BAAAGEFQ BAAAGEKW BAAAGBXA BAAAGEIB |
| 1534.May.11 | | Henry VIII makes peace with Scotland |
| BAAAGBXA |
| 1538 | | Marriage of James V of Scotland to the French Mary of Guise |
| BAAAGBXA |
| 1542.Nov.25 | | Battle of Soloway: English victory over invading Scottish army |
| BAAAGBXA |
| 1542.Dec.08 | | Birth of Mary, future Queen of Scotland, at the Palace of Linlithgow, West Lothian, to King James V of Scotland and his French wife, Marie of Guise
She was born on December 7th or 8th |
| BAAAGEKT BAAAGEIB |
| 1542.Dec.14 | | Death of James V of Scotland; succeeded by his infant daughter Mary (b. Dec 7th or 8th) with James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran (next in line to the throne), as regent (-1554) |
| BAAAGBXA BAAAGEKT |
| 1543 | | Mary, Queen of Scots, goes to France |
| BAAAGEKT |
| 1544.May | | Henry VIII begins his rough wooing, a series of raids on Scottish territory, etc. (-June 1551), attempting impose the marriage to his son Edward VI on Mary, Queen of Scots |
| BAAAGBXA BAAAGDGR BAAAGEKT |
| 1551.Jun | | End of raids on Scottish territory, etc., started as Henry VIII\'s rough wooing in 1544
The campaign is reckoned to have cost �500,000 apart from its cost in human life |
| BAAAGBXA BAAAGEKT BAAAGDGR |
| 1558.Apr.24 | | Marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots, to Francis, heir to the French throne (Francis II) |
| BAAAGCAB BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT |
| 1559.May.02 | | John Knox returns to Scotland |
| BAAAGCLM |
| 1559.May.10 | | John Knox incites the Scottish Lords of the Congregation to rise against the regency of Marie of Guise, the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots
Edinburgh seized, religious houses destroyed. Elizabeth I subsequently approached for aid in their cause |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT |
| 1559.Jul.10 | | Death of Henry II of France; his son, Francis becomes King; Mary Queen of Scots declares herself Queen of England |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGBKY BAAAGEKT |
| 1559.Oct.21 | | Scottish Lords depose Mary of Guise for not preventing the French fortification of Leith |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGBKY |
| 1559.Dec.18 | | Elizabeth I sends aid to the Scottish Lords by land and sea |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGBFI |
| 1560 | | Scotland is declared a Protestant nation |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT |
| 1560.Jul.06 | | Treaty of Edinburgh secures peace with Scotland, French undertaking to withdraw troops from Scotland and recognise Elizabeth\\\'s right to rule England; Mary, Queen of Scots claims to the English annulled - but 18-year-old Mary (still in France) refuses to ratify the treaty |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKB BAAAGEKT BAAAGBKY |
| 1560.Dec.05 | | Death of Francis, King of France and husband of Mary, Queen of Scots; succeeded by his brother Charles IX with Catherine de Medici (mother-in-law of Mary) as Regent |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT |
| 1561.Aug.19 | | Mary, Queen of Scots, returns to Leith, Scotland
Having lived in France since 1548. Mary is denied passage through England |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT |
| 1562.Nov.05 | | Scotland: James Stewart, Earl of Moray (illigitimate Protestant brother and chief advisor to Mary, Queen of Scots),
crushes the rebellion of Scotlands leading Catholic magnate, George Gordon, Earl of Huntly, Corrichie
Huntley is killed |
| BAAAGEKT |
| 1565.Jul.29 | | Sudden marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots, to her first cousin and descendant of Henry VII, the Catholic Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley
The marriage precipitated her half-brother and chief counsellor, the Earl of Moray, to join with other Protestant Lords in open rebellion |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT BAAAGBRG |
| 1566.Jun.19 | | Birth of the future James VI of Scotland (later James I of England) to Mary, Queen of Scots
Shortly afterwards, Mary began a liaison with James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell |
| BAAAGCLJ BAAAGEKT BAAAGCLM |
| 1567.Feb.10 | | Murder of Darnley at Kirk O Field, Scotland
An explosion occurred in the house, Darnley found dead in the garden, apparently strangled. Bothwell, generally believed to be guilty of the act, subjected to a mock trial but acquitted |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEGA |
| 1567.Apr.24 | | Abduction of Mary Queen of Scots by James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell |
| BAAAGEKT |
| 1567.May.15 | | Marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots, to James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell, after his former marriage is annulled |
| BAAAGEKT |
| 1567.Jul.24 | | Deposition (abdication) of Mary, Queen of Scots in favour of her infant Protestant son who is proclaimed as James VI of Scotland at Stirling (later James I of England), Moray becomes regent |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGCLJ BAAAGEKT BAAAGCQN |
| 1568.May.02 | | Escape of Mary, Queen of Scots, from Loch Leven Castle
She managed to raise a small army again |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT |
| 1568.May.16 | | Flight of Mary, Queen of Scots, to England |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT |
| 1570.Jan.23 | | Assassination of James Stewart, Earl of Moray, half-brother of Mary Queen of Scots\' and Regent in Scotland for her son, James VI |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGCLJ BAAAGEKT |
| 1586.Oct.14 | | Trial of Mary, Queen of Scots for conspiracy against Queen Elizabeth I starts |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT |
| 1587.Dec.08 | | Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, at Fotheringay Castle after 20 years of imprisonment following the Babington Plot ]]or Feb 28th[[
Elizabeth I had signed her death warrant a week previously, after Mary refused to disavow her claim to the English throne. It is reported it took 3 blows of the axe to sever her head. She was interred at Peterborough Cathedral (-1612) |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGEKT |
| 1590 | | North Berwick Witch trials; involving James VI of Scotland (James I of England) - the first witchcraft trials in Scotland
1590-1591 The North Berwick witch trials in Scotland. |
| BAAAGCQN BAAAGCLJ |
| 1600.Jan.01 | | Scotland adopts January 1st as the New Year |
| BAAAGCCS |
| 1600.Nov.19 | | Birth of the future Charles I of England, the second son of James VI of Scotland (later James I of England) and Anne of Denmark at Dunfermline Palace |
| BAAAGCLK BAAAGCLJ |
| 1603.Mar.23 | | Dying Queen Elizabeth I makes a sign to her assembled councilors assembled when Cecil mentions James VI of Scotland regarding the succession |
| BAAAGCLM BAAAGCLJ |
| 1603.Mar.24 | | Death of
Queen Elizabeth I (1533-) of England and Ireland in the early hours
- succeeded
to the crown by James VI of Scotland as James I |
| 00000000 BAAAGBKD BAAAGCLM BAAAGCLJ BAAAGCBT BAAAGCQN |
| 1625.Mar.27 | | Death of James I (James VI of Scotland)
Charles I succeeds his father as king of England, Wales and Scotland |
| BAAAGCLK BAAAGCLJ |
| 1633 | | First visit of Charles I to Scotland |
| BAAAGCLK |
| 1633.Oct.14 | | Birth of James Stuart, (James II, King of England, Scotland and Ireland (1685-88)), the third son of King Charles I |
| BAAAGBIL BAAAGBKD BAAAGCLK |
| 1637 | | Introduction of the Book of Common Prayer (? Scotland) |
| BAAAGCKL BAAAGCLK |
| 1638 | | National Covenant signed a public petition (? Scotland) |
| BAAAGCKL |
| 1638 | | Code and Prayer Book suspended (? Scotland) |
| BAAAGCLK |
| 1641 | | Treaty of Ripon: last visit to Scotland by Charles I
|
| BAAAGCKL |
| 1644.Jan | | Scotland joins Charles II in war against the English Parliament |
| BAAAGCAP BAAAGCLK |
| 1646.May.05 | | Charles I surrenders to the Scots in Scotland |
| BAAAGCAP BAAAGCLK |
| 1647.Jan | | Scots surrender King Charles to Parliament in exchange for �400,000 |
| BAAAGCAP BAAGCLK BAAAGCLK |
| 1648.Jul | | The Scots under Hamilton, loyal again to Charles I, invade northern England |
| BAAAGCAP BAAAGCLK BAAAGEFZ |
| 1650 | | !!!!! Future Charles II of England crowned as King of Scotland |
| BAAAGCLL BAAAGCLK |
| 1651.Jan.01 | | !!!!! Future Charles II of England crowned king of Scotland in Scone |
| BAAAGCLL BAAAGCLK |
| 1653.Dec.16 | | Oliver Cromwell dissolved the Rump Parliament and became Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, effectively a military dictator |
| BAAAGBKD BAAAGEFZ BAAAGBXJ BAAAGEKB |
| 1688.Dec.11 | | King James II of England defeated with little bloodshed and flees from Britain to France, effectively ending his reign of England and Scotland |
| BAAAGBIL BAAAGBKY |
| 1689.Apr.11 | | Estates of Scotland declare the abdication of King James VII (James II of England
King James fled Britain in December |
| BAAAGBIL |
| 1701.Sep.16 | | Death of the exiled James Stuart, James II of England and James VII of Scotland |
| BAAAGBIL |
| 1707 | | Act of Union; English and Scottish parliaments united with the formation of the Kingdom of Great Britain |
| BAAAGBXJ BAAAGEIA BAAAGDKJ |
| 1742 | | John Wesley starts itinerant teaching in England, Scotland and Ireland |
| BAAAGBCW BAAAGBIF BAAAGBIG BAAAGBKD |
| 1768.Dec.06 | | Publication of the first edition of the Encyclopedia Brittanica in Scotland |
| |
| 1776.Dec.29 | | Birth of Charles Macintosh who patented waterproof fabric (in Scotland) |
| |
| 1815 | | William Smith (1760-1839) publishes his large Geological Map of England, Wales, and part of Scotland (15 sheets on a scale of 5 m. to 1 in.) |
| |
| 1844 | | Ragged school movement started in Scotland adopted in England (London)
London Ragged School Union established under the chairmanship of Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury |
| BAAAGDKN BAAAGBJF |
| 1845 | | First mixed ragged school for boys and girls opened in Scotland |
| BAAAGBJF |
| 1889 | | The
provisions of the Local
Government Act of the previous year were extended to Scotland |
| |
| 1942.Aug.25 | | The Duke of Kent is killed when a military plane crashes in Scotland while en-route to Iceland |
| |
| 1958.Aug.18 | | British Post Office issues its first regional stamps (N Ireland, Scotland and
Wales) |
| BAAAGBKA BAAAGBKD |
| 1988.Dec.21 | | New York-bound Pan Am 747 jet explodes over Lockerbie, Scotland. killing all 258 people on board |
| |
| 1996.Oct.16 | | British Government has announces plans to outlaw almost all handguns following the Dunblane massacre in Scotland |
| |
| 2003.Oct.22 | | Devonport Dockyard operator DML announces proposes to ship redundant nuclear reactors from submarines to Dounreay nuclear plant (Scotland) following protests by anti-nuclear groups at Devonport
|
| BAAAGDZF |
